my-docs/Docker/Docker.md

Docker Commands and Concepts

Docker Concepts

• Stateless: Do not save your data (like Nginx).
• Stateful: Save your data.

Docker Data Directory

• /var/lib/docker/: Docker data directory.
• /var/lib/docker/containers/: Container configuration and file directory.
• /var/lib/docker/volumes: Directory where docker volumes are saved.

Docker Installtion (Ubuntu)

apt update && apt install ca-certificates curl && install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings && curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc && chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc

# Add the repository to Apt sources:
echo \
  "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
  $(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME") stable" | \
  sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
apt update && apt install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin

Docker CLI Commands

Authentication

• docker login: Login to Docker Hub with CLI.

Image Management

• docker pull <repo-addr>: Pull a Docker image.
• docker images: Show pulled images.
• docker rmi -f <image-id>: Remove an image.
• docker save -o <file-location-and-name> <image-name>: Save image as an external file.
• docker load -i <file-location>: Import a Docker image.

Container Management

• docker run <options> <img-name>: Run a Docker container.
  • docker run: Run Docker (after run exited).
  • docker run -it: Run and give bash to me.
  • docker run -dit: Run and give bash to me and run in the background.
• docker exec -it <container-name>: Go to container shell.
• docker rm <container-name>: Remove Docker container.
• docker stop <container-name>: Stop Docker container.
• docker rm -f <container-name>: Stop and remove Docker container.
• docker ps -aq: Give all Docker container IDs.
• docker ps -aq -f status=exited: Give all Docker container IDs with exited status.
• docker container prune: Remove all stopped containers.
• docker commit <container-name> <new-name>: Make a custom Docker image.
• docker inspect <container-name>: Get all data about container information.
• docker inspect --format '{{ .NetworkSettings.IPAddress }}' <container-name>: Get IP of the container.
• docker cp <file_on_local> <container-name>:/<location>: Copy from local to container.
• docker cp <container-name>:/<location> <local-location>: Copy from container to local.
• docker stats: Monitor Docker stats.
• docker run -dit --name server --restart=always ubuntu: Run container again after restarting the service or main server.
• docker build -t <appname>:<appver> <location-of-docker-file>: Build Docker image from a Dockerfile.

Volume Management

• docker volume ls: List all volumes.
• docker volume create <name-of-volume>: Create a volume for Docker.
• docker volume inspect <vol-name>: Give information about the volume.
• docker run -dit --name <container-name> -v <volume-name>:<location-in-container> <img-name>: Run Docker image and save target location data in volume.

Network Management

• docker network ls: List all Docker networks.
• docker network create <network-name>: Create a Docker network.
• docker network create --subnet <ip>/<subnet> --gateway <gateway-ip> --driver=<network-type> <net-name>: Create network with custom settings.
• docker run -dit --name <container-name> --network <network-name> <img-name>: Run a container and connect it to a custom network.
• docker network connect <network-name> <container-name>: Connect a container to a custom network.
• docker network disconnect <network-name> <container-name>: Disconnect a network from a container.