162 lines
3.0 KiB
Markdown
162 lines
3.0 KiB
Markdown
# Git Commands Guide
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## Getting Started with Git
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### 1. Installing Git
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Before you begin, ensure Git is installed on your machine. You can download it from [git-scm.com](https://git-scm.com/).
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### 2. Check Git Installation
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To verify that Git is installed, run:
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```bash
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git --version
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```
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### 3. Configure Git User Information
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Set up your name and email address, which will be used for your commits:
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```bash
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git config --global user.name "Your Name"
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git config --global user.email "your.email@example.com"
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```
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## Configuring Git to Use a Custom SSH Key
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If you need to use a specific SSH key for your Git operations, you can configure Git as follows:
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```bash
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git config --add --local core.sshCommand 'ssh -i <PATH_TO_SSH_KEY>'
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```
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For Clone With Custom SSH Key Use:
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```bash
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git -c core.sshCommand="ssh -i <key-path>" clone host:repo
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```
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*Replace `<PATH_TO_SSH_KEY>` with the actual path to your SSH key file.*
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## Creating and Managing a Local Git Repository
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### 1. Initialize a Git Repository
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Start by creating a new Git repository in your local project directory:
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```bash
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git init -b main
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```
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*The `-b main` flag sets the default branch name to "main".*
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### 2. Add Files and Commit Changes
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Next, stage all your files and create your initial commit:
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```bash
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git add -A
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git commit -m "Initial Commit"
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```
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*The `git add -A` command stages all changes, while the `git commit` command records those changes with a descriptive message.*
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### 3. Connect to a Remote Repository
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Now, link your local repository to a remote GitHub repository:
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```bash
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git remote add origin <Repo-Link>
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```
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*Replace `<Repo-Link>` with the URL of your GitHub repository.*
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### 4. Push Changes to GitHub
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Finally, push your initial commit to the remote repository:
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```bash
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git push origin main
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```
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## Common Git Commands for Beginners
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### 1. Check the Status of Your Repository
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To see which changes are staged, unstaged, or untracked:
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```bash
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git status
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```
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### 2. View Commit History
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To view the commit history of your repository:
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```bash
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git log
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```
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*You can press `q` to exit the log view.*
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### 3. Viewing Changes
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To see changes made to files before staging them:
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```bash
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git diff
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```
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### 4. Staging Individual Files
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If you want to stage specific files instead of all changes:
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```bash
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git add <filename>
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```
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*Replace `<filename>` with the name of the file you wish to stage.*
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### 5. Undoing Changes
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To unstage a file that you added by mistake:
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```bash
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git reset <filename>
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```
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To discard changes in a file and revert it to the last committed state:
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```bash
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git checkout -- <filename>
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```
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### 6. Cloning a Repository
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If you want to create a copy of an existing remote repository:
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```bash
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git clone <Repo-Link>
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```
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*Replace `<Repo-Link>` with the URL of the repository you want to clone.*
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### 7. Creating a New Branch
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To create a new branch for development:
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```bash
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git checkout -b <branch-name>
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```
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*Replace `<branch-name>` with your desired branch name.*
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### 8. Merging Branches
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To merge changes from another branch into your current branch:
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```bash
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git merge <branch-name>
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```
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