157 lines
2.9 KiB
Markdown
157 lines
2.9 KiB
Markdown
# 🍽️ Managing Packages with `yum` on RHEL/CentOS
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`yum` (Yellowdog Updater, Modified) is the traditional package manager for RPM-based Linux distributions such as **Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)** and **CentOS**. Below is a breakdown of commonly used `yum` commands, categorized and explained in detail.
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---
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## 🔄 1. Updating the System
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### `yum update`
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Fetches the latest package metadata and installs available updates for all packages currently installed on the system.
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```bash
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yum update
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```
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---
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### `yum upgrade`
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Performs the same function as `yum update`. In older versions of `yum`, `upgrade` was used for more aggressive upgrades, but in recent versions, they are functionally equivalent.
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```bash
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yum upgrade
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```
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---
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## 📥 2. Installing and Reinstalling Packages
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### `yum install <pkg-name>`
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Installs a new package along with any required dependencies.
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```bash
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yum install <pkg-name>
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```
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---
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### `yum reinstall <pkg-name>`
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Reinstalls an already installed package, which is useful if system files have been corrupted or modified.
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```bash
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yum reinstall <pkg-name>
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```
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---
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### `yum localinstall <file-dir>`
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Installs a `.rpm` package from a local file path while resolving dependencies using remote repositories.
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```bash
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yum localinstall <file-dir>
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```
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---
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## ❌ 3. Removing Packages
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### `yum remove <pkg-name>`
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Uninstalls the specified package from the system, including any dependencies no longer required.
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```bash
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yum remove <pkg-name>
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```
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---
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## 🔍 4. Querying and Searching
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### `yum list`
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Lists all available, installed, and updatable packages.
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```bash
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yum list
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```
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---
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### `yum info <pkg>`
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Displays detailed information about the specified package, including version, repository, summary, and description.
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```bash
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yum info <pkg>
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```
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---
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### `yum search`
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Searches for a keyword in package names and descriptions. Add the search term to complete the command.
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```bash
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yum search <keyword>
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```
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Example:
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```bash
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yum search python
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```
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---
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### `yum deplist <pkg>`
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Shows the list of dependencies for a given package.
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```bash
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yum deplist <pkg>
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```
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---
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## 🕓 5. Package History and Transactions
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### `yum history`
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Displays a history of all yum transactions (installs, updates, removals), which can be reviewed or undone if needed.
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```bash
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yum history
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```
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---
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## 💾 6. Downloading Packages (Without Installing)
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### `yum download <pkg>`
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Downloads an RPM package file without installing it. Useful for transferring or offline installations. Requires the `yum-utils` package.
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```bash
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yum download <pkg>
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```
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> 💡 **Note:** If you get an error, try installing `yum-utils`:
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>
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> ```bash
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> yum install yum-utils
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> ```
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---
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## ✅ Final Notes
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* `yum` has been replaced by `dnf` in newer distributions (e.g., RHEL 8+), but still widely used in older systems.
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* Always run `yum update` before installing new packages.
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* Combine with `yum history` to review or undo changes when troubleshooting.
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