route command

Linux/LPIC1/21-route.md

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+# 🛣️ `route` Command Documentation
+
+The `route` command is used to view and manipulate the IP routing table in Linux systems. Below is a concise guide to listing, adding, and deleting routes using `route`.
+
+---
+
+## 📋 View Routing Table
+
+```bash
+route -n
+```
+
+* **Description**: Displays the kernel routing table.
+* **`-n`**: Shows numerical addresses instead of resolving hostnames (faster and cleaner).
+
+---
+
+## ➕ Add Routes
+
+### Add a Network Route
+
+```bash
+route add -net 10.10.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.1.1
+```
+
+* **`-net 10.10.10.0`**: Specifies the network address.
+* **`netmask 255.255.255.0`**: Defines the subnet mask for the network.
+* **`gw 192.168.1.1`**: Sets the gateway through which packets will be routed.
+
+### Add a Default Gateway
+
+```bash
+route add default gw 192.168.1.1
+```
+
+* **default**: Indicates this is the default route.
+* **`gw 192.168.1.1`**: The default gateway IP address for all traffic not destined for a known network.
+
+---
+
+## ❌ Delete Routes
+
+### Delete a Network Route
+
+```bash
+route del -net 10.10.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0
+```
+
+* Removes the specified network route.
+
+### Delete the Default Route
+
+```bash
+route del default
+```
+
+* Removes the current default gateway.
+
+---
+
+## 📎 Notes
+
+* These commands typically require **superuser (root)** privileges. Use `sudo` if needed:
+
+  ```bash
+  sudo route add ...
+  ```
+
+* Consider using `ip route` instead of `route`, as `route` is deprecated on some modern distributions:
+
+  ```bash
+  ip route show
+  ```
+