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Configuration-Management-Automation/Ansible/2-Commands.md

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+
+# **Ansible Commands**
+
+Below are some frequently used Ansible commands for managing your servers.
+
+### **Listing Hosts**
+
+List all hosts defined in the inventory file:
+
+```bash
+ansible --list-hosts all -i servers.ini
+# or for YAML format
+ansible --list-hosts all -i servers.yaml
+```
+
+### **Ping All Servers**
+
+Check the connectivity of all servers:
+
+```bash
+ansible -m ping all -i server.ini
+```
+
+### **Execute Commands**
+
+Run a command (e.g., `uptime`) on all servers:
+
+```bash
+ansible -m command -a "uptime" all -i server.ini
+```
+
+### **Copy Files to Servers**
+
+Copy a file from the Ansible server to all target servers:
+
+```bash
+ansible -m copy -a "src=<file-location-on-ansible-server> dest=<destination-location-on-server>" all -i server.ini
+```
+
+### **Run Commands with Sudo**
+
+Execute a command with elevated privileges (sudo) as the root user:
+
+```bash
+ansible -m command -a "uptime" all -i server.ini --become --become-user root --become-method sudo 
+```
+
+### **Install a Package**
+
+Install the `nginx` package on all servers:
+
+```bash
+ansible -m apt -a "name=nginx state=present" --become --become-user root --become-method sudo
+```
+
+### **Uninstall a Package**
+
+Remove the `nginx` package from all servers:
+
+```bash
+ansible -m apt -a "name=nginx state=absent" --become --become-user root --become-method sudo
+```
+
+### **Update and Upgrade Packages**
+
+Update the package list and upgrade all packages:
+
+```bash
+ansible -m apt -a "upgrade=yes update_cache=yes" --become --become-user root --become-method sudo
+```
+
+---
+
+## **Advanced Usage and Notes**
+
+### **Special Considerations**
+
+- **Module Limitations**: The `command` module does not support special characters or shell features. For commands requiring shell features (like pipes or redirection), use the `shell` module.
+  
+  Example:
+  ```bash
+  ansible -m shell -a "cat /etc/passwd | grep -l" all -i server.ini --become
+  ```
+
+- **Raw Module**: Use the `raw` module for devices that do not have Python installed. It allows you to execute raw SSH commands directly.
+
+  Example:
+  ```bash
+  ansible -m raw -a "hostnamectl" all -i server.ini --become
+  ```
+
+### **Gathering System Facts**
+
+Use the `setup` module to gather system facts from all servers:
+
+```bash
+ansible -m setup --become all -i server.ini
+```
+
+You can filter specific facts:
+
+```bash
+ansible -m setup -a "filter=ansible_memory" --become all -i server.ini
+ansible -m setup -a "filter=ansible_distribution" --become all -i server.ini
+```
+