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Containerization-Orchestration/Kubernetes/etcd-external.md

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+# 🛠️ Setting Up a High Availability etcd Cluster for Kubernetes
+
+This guide walks you through installing a 3-node etcd cluster and using it as an **external HA datastore for Kubernetes**.
+
+---
+
+## 📦 Step 1: Install etcd
+
+Download the etcd binary:
+
+```bash
+wget https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.6.2/etcd-v3.6.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz
+```
+
+Extract it:
+
+```bash
+tar -xzvf etcd-v3.6.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz
+```
+
+Move binaries to the system path:
+
+```bash
+cp etcd-v3.6.2-linux-amd64/etcd* /usr/local/bin
+```
+
+Create the data directory:
+
+```bash
+mkdir -p /var/lib/etcd
+```
+
+---
+
+## ⚙️ Step 2: Configure etcd Systemd Services
+
+Create a systemd service config at:
+
+```bash
+/etc/systemd/system/etcd.conf
+```
+
+### 🔹 Server 1 (`192.168.6.170`)
+
+```ini
+[Service]
+ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/etcd \
+  --name etcd-1 \
+  --listen-client-urls http://192.168.6.170:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379 \
+  --advertise-client-urls http://192.168.6.170:2379 \
+  --initial-advertise-peer-urls http://192.168.6.170:2380 \
+  --listen-peer-urls http://192.168.6.170:2380 \
+  --initial-cluster-token etcd-cluster-1 \
+  --initial-cluster etcd-1=http://192.168.6.170:2380,etcd-2=http://192.168.6.171:2380,etcd-3=http://192.168.6.172:2380 \
+  --initial-cluster-state new \
+  --data-dir /var/lib/etcd
+Restart=always
+User=root
+StandardOutput=journal
+StandardError=journal
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target
+```
+
+### 🔹 Server 2 (`192.168.6.171`)
+
+```ini
+[Service]
+ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/etcd \
+  --name etcd-2 \
+  --listen-client-urls http://192.168.6.171:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379 \
+  --advertise-client-urls http://192.168.6.171:2379 \
+  --initial-advertise-peer-urls http://192.168.6.171:2380 \
+  --listen-peer-urls http://192.168.6.171:2380 \
+  --initial-cluster-token etcd-cluster-1 \
+  --initial-cluster etcd-1=http://192.168.6.170:2380,etcd-2=http://192.168.6.171:2380,etcd-3=http://192.168.6.172:2380 \
+  --initial-cluster-state new \
+  --data-dir /var/lib/etcd
+Restart=always
+User=root
+StandardOutput=journal
+StandardError=journal
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target
+```
+
+### 🔹 Server 3 (`192.168.6.172`)
+
+```ini
+[Service]
+ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/etcd \
+  --name etcd-3 \
+  --listen-client-urls http://192.168.6.172:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379 \
+  --advertise-client-urls http://192.168.6.172:2379 \
+  --initial-advertise-peer-urls http://192.168.6.172:2380 \
+  --listen-peer-urls http://192.168.6.172:2380 \
+  --initial-cluster-token etcd-cluster-1 \
+  --initial-cluster etcd-1=http://192.168.6.170:2380,etcd-2=http://192.168.6.171:2380,etcd-3=http://192.168.6.172:2380 \
+  --initial-cluster-state new \
+  --data-dir /var/lib/etcd
+Restart=always
+User=root
+StandardOutput=journal
+StandardError=journal
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target
+```
+
+---
+
+## ▶️ Step 3: Start etcd Service
+
+Enable and start the etcd service on **each server**:
+
+```bash
+systemctl start etcd
+systemctl enable etcd
+```
+
+---
+
+## ✅ Step 4: Verify etcd Cluster Health
+
+Check endpoint health:
+
+```bash
+etcdctl --endpoints http://<IP>:2379 endpoint health
+```
+
+Check cluster membership:
+
+```bash
+etcdctl --endpoints http://<IP-SERVER-1>:2379 member list
+```
+
+If all members are healthy and visible, you're ready to move on.
+
+---
+
+## ☸️ Step 5: Install Kubernetes (Using External etcd)
+
+Create a configuration file `config.yaml` on the **master node**:
+
+```yaml
+apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
+kind: ClusterConfiguration
+etcd:
+  external:
+    endpoints:
+    - http://192.168.6.170:2379
+    - http://192.168.6.171:2379
+    - http://192.168.6.172:2379
+
+networking:
+  podSubnet: 10.244.0.0/16
+```
+
+Initialize Kubernetes:
+
+```bash
+kubeadm init --config config.yaml
+```
+
+---
+
+## 🎉 Done!
+
+You now have a **Kubernetes cluster with external, high availability etcd**. :)
+