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kubernetes/info.md
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# Kubernetes (Kuber) Documentation
## Control Plane (CP)
- **CP (Control Plane)**: The central management entity of the Kubernetes cluster.
- By default, the manager in Kubernetes does not directly handle any containers.
## Kubernetes Manager Components
- **Control Manager**
- **Scheduler**
- **API Server**
- **etcd (Database)**
- **Kubelet**
## Kubernetes Worker Components
- **Kube Proxy**
- **Kubelet**
## Data Flow
- **Kube Proxy** and **Kubelet** communicate with the Kubernetes Manager for data handling.
## Administration Tools
- **kubeadm**: Used for administration commands.
- **kubectl**: Used to manage nodes and services.
---
## Kubernetes Setup
### Step 1: Write Default Config
1. Generate the default containerd configuration.
```bash
containerd config default > /etc/containerd/config.toml
```
### Step 2: Modify Config
1. Change `systemd_cgroup` to `true`.
```bash
vim /etc/containerd/config.toml
```
2. Restart the containerd service.
```bash
systemctl restart containerd
```
### Step 3: Load Required Modules
1. Load necessary kernel modules.
```bash
modprobe br_netfilter overlay
lsmod | grep overlay # To verify the overlay module is loaded
```
2. Add the modules to load at boot.
```bash
vim /etc/modules-load.d/modules.conf
```
Add the following lines:
```
br_netfilter
overlay
```
### Step 4: Enable IPv4 Forwarding
1. Update Config File
```bash
sed -i 's/#net.ipv4.ip_forward=1/net.ipv4.ip_forward=1/' /etc/sysctl.conf && sysctl -p
```
### Step 5: Install Required Packages
1. Install necessary packages.
```bash
sudo apt install ca-certificates curl apt-transport-https conntrack -y
```
### Step 6: Install Kubernetes Components
1. Add Kubernetes keyring.
```bash
curl -fsSL https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.30/deb/Release.key | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-keyring.gpg
```
2. Add Kubernetes to the sources list.
```bash
echo 'deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-keyring.gpg] https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.30/deb/ /' | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
```
3. Update package list and install Kubernetes components.
```bash
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
```
4. Hold the package versions.
```bash
sudo apt-mark hold kubelet kubeadm kubectl
```
5. Enable and start kubelet.
```bash
sudo systemctl enable --now kubelet
```
### Step 7: Setup Network Protocol
1. Initialize the Kubernetes cluster.
```bash
kubeadm init --apiserver-advertise-address <ip-interface> --pod-network-cidr 10.244.0.0/16
```
2. Apply the Flannel CNI plugin for network management.
```bash
kubectl apply -f https://github.com/flannel-io/flannel/releases/latest/download/kube-flannel.yml
```
3. Configure kubectl for the current user.
```bash
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
```
### Step 8: Generate Join Command
1. Generate the command to join worker nodes to the cluster.
```bash
kubeadm token create --print-join-command
```
This command will print out a token and the complete command to be used on worker nodes to join them to the cluster.

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# Kubernetes (Kuber) Documentation
## Control Plane (CP)
- **CP (Control Plane)**: The central management entity of the Kubernetes cluster.
- By default, the manager in Kubernetes does not directly handle any containers.
## Kubernetes Manager Components
- **Control Manager**
- **Scheduler**
- **API Server**
- **etcd (Database)**
- **Kubelet**
## Kubernetes Worker Components
- **Kube Proxy**
- **Kubelet**
## Data Flow
- **Kube Proxy** and **Kubelet** communicate with the Kubernetes Manager for data handling.
## Administration Tools
- **kubeadm**: Used for administration commands.
- **kubectl**: Used to manage nodes and services.
---

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---
# Containerd and Kubernetes Installation Guide
## 1. Disable Swap
Turn off swap and disable it permanently.
```bash
swapoff -a
sed -i '/swap/d' /etc/fstab
```
## 2. Enable Required Kernel Modules
Create a configuration file to load necessary kernel modules and load them temporarily.
```bash
echo -e "overlay\nbr_netfilter" | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/containerd.conf
sudo modprobe overlay
sudo modprobe br_netfilter
```
## 3. Enable IPv4 Forwarding
Enable IPv4 forwarding in the sysctl configuration and apply the changes.
```bash
sed -i 's/#net.ipv4.ip_forward=1/net.ipv4.ip_forward=1/' /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p
```
## 4. Configure Containerd
Generate the default configuration for Containerd and modify it to use systemd as the cgroup driver.
```bash
containerd config default | sudo tee /etc/containerd/config.toml
sudo sed -i 's/SystemdCgroup = false/SystemdCgroup = true/' /etc/containerd/config.toml
```
## 5. Install Kubernetes
Add the Kubernetes package repository and install the required packages.
```bash
sudo mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.30/deb/Release.key | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-keyring.gpg
echo 'deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-keyring.gpg] https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.30/deb/ /' | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
sudo apt-mark hold kubelet kubeadm kubectl
```
## 6. Enable kubelet
Enable and start the kubelet service.
```bash
sudo systemctl enable --now kubelet
```
## 7. Initialize the Kubernetes Cluster
Initialize the Kubernetes control plane with the specified parameters.
```bash
sudo kubeadm init --control-plane-endpoint 192.168.2.100 --apiserver-advertise-address 192.168.2.100 --pod-network-cidr 10.244.0.0/16 | tee kuber-install.log
```
## 8. Create Control Plane Join Command
Create the control plane join command and save it for later use.
```bash
sudo kubeadm init phase upload-certs --upload-certs
Copy the output certificate key and run the following command, replacing <CERTIFICATE_KEY> with the copied key.
sudo kubeadm token create --certificate-key <CERTIFICATE_KEY> --print-join-command | tee cp-command.txt
```
## 9. Join Control Plane and Worker Nodes
Use the command from cp-command.txt on your control plane nodes to join them. Additionally, get the join command for worker nodes from kuber-install.log and run it on each worker node.
---
This revised guide provides clear, step-by-step instructions, making it easier to follow and ensuring all necessary actions are covered.