diff --git a/Linux/Basic Administration/25-disk-manage.md b/Linux/Basic Administration/25-disk-manage.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..41b1175 --- /dev/null +++ b/Linux/Basic Administration/25-disk-manage.md @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ +# 📘 Disk Partitioning Guide: MBR & GPT using `fdisk` and `gdisk` + +## 🔹 Overview + +* Use `**fdisk**` for **MBR (Master Boot Record)** partitioning. +* For **GPT (GUID Partition Table)**, the recommended tool is `**gdisk**`, but `fdisk` also supports GPT. + +--- + +## 🧰 Disk Partitioning with `fdisk` + +### 🔍 List Partitions + +| Command | Description | +| ---------- | ----------------------------------- | +| `fdisk -l` | Show list of available partitions | +| `fdisk -x` | Show list with extended information | + +### ⚙️ Launch `fdisk` + +```bash +fdisk /dev/sdX +``` + +Replace `/dev/sdX` with your actual disk name (e.g., `/dev/sdb`). + +--- + +### 📖 Inside `fdisk` + +Once inside the `fdisk` prompt: + +| Key | Function | +| --- | --------------------------------- | +| `m` | Show help | +| `p` | Print partition table (disk info) | +| `n` | Create new partition | +| `t` | Change partition type | +| `w` | Write changes and exit | + +#### ➕ Creating a Partition (`n`) + +* Choose **`p`** for **primary** or **`e`** for **extended** partition. +* MBR allows **4 primary** partitions. One of them can be **extended**, which can hold **logical** partitions. + +#### 📏 Define Partition Size + +Example: + +```bash ++512M +``` + +--- + +## 🧱 Create Filesystem + +To format the partition with `ext4`: + +```bash +mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1 +``` + +--- + +## 🔗 Get Partition UUID + +Option 1: After formatting, the UUID is shown in output. +Option 2: Use `blkid` to retrieve it: + +```bash +blkid +``` + +--- + +## 📝 Mount Using `/etc/fstab` + +1. Open the `fstab` configuration file: + +```bash +vim /etc/fstab +``` + +2. Add the following line: + +``` +/dev/disk/by-uuid/ defaults 0 1 +``` + +### Example: + +``` +/dev/disk/by-uuid/1eb043d2-f2ee-4a69-a7c4-13c283c3ccc6 /test ext4 defaults 0 1 +``` + +This ensures the partition is mounted automatically at boot. + +--- + +## ✅ Summary + +| Task | Command/Action | +| ------------------ | --------------------- | +| List partitions | `fdisk -l` | +| Start partitioning | `fdisk /dev/sdX` | +| Format partition | `mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdX1` | +| Get UUID | `blkid` | +| Edit fstab | `vim /etc/fstab` | +