Nginx : The Doc Is Ready
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206
Web Development & Frameworks/nginx/django.md
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Web Development & Frameworks/nginx/django.md
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### Installing Packages from Ubuntu Repositories
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1. Update your Ubuntu system:
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```bash
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sudo apt update
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```
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2. Install necessary packages:
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```bash
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sudo apt install python3-venv python3-dev libpq-dev postgresql postgresql-contrib nginx curl
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```
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### Creating the PostgreSQL Database and User
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3. Log into an interactive Postgres session:
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```bash
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sudo -u postgres psql
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```
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4. Inside the PostgreSQL prompt, create a database for your project:
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```sql
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CREATE DATABASE myproject;
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```
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5. Create a database user for your project with a secure password:
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```sql
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CREATE USER myprojectuser WITH PASSWORD 'password';
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```
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6. Modify connection parameters for the user:
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```sql
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ALTER ROLE myprojectuser SET client_encoding TO 'utf8';
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ALTER ROLE myprojectuser SET default_transaction_isolation TO 'read committed';
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ALTER ROLE myprojectuser SET timezone TO 'UTC';
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```
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7. Grant the new user access to administer the new database:
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```sql
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GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE myproject TO myprojectuser;
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```
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8. Exit the PostgreSQL prompt:
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```sql
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\q
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```
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### Creating a Python Virtual Environment for Your Project
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9. Create a directory for your project files:
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```bash
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mkdir ~/myprojectdir
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cd ~/myprojectdir
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```
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10. Create a Python virtual environment:
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```bash
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python3 -m venv myprojectenv
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```
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11. Activate the virtual environment:
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```bash
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source myprojectenv/bin/activate
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```
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12. Install Django, Gunicorn, and psycopg2:
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```bash
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pip install django gunicorn psycopg2-binary
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```
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### Creating and Configuring a New Django Project
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13. Create a new Django project with a defined directory:
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```bash
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django-admin startproject myproject ~/myprojectdir
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```
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14. Adjust settings in the `settings.py` file:
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- Set `ALLOWED_HOSTS` to `['*']`
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- Configure `DATABASES` with PostgreSQL details
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15. Add static root configuration to `settings.py`:
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```python
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import os
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STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static/')
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```
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16. Migrate initial database schema:
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```bash
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~/myprojectdir/manage.py makemigrations
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~/myprojectdir/manage.py migrate
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```
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17. Create an administrative user:
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```bash
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~/myprojectdir/manage.py createsuperuser
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```
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18. Collect static content:
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```bash
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~/myprojectdir/manage.py collectstatic
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```
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19. Allow port 8000:
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```bash
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sudo ufw allow 8000
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```
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20. Start Django development server:
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```bash
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~/myprojectdir/manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000
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```
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21. Access your application in a web browser.
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22. Stop Apache2 service:
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```bash
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sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
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```
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### Testing Gunicorn
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23. Test Gunicorn to ensure it can serve the application:
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```bash
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cd ~/myprojectdir
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gunicorn --bind 0.0.0.0:8000 myproject.wsgi
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```
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24. Stop Gunicorn:
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- Press `CTRL-C`
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### Creating systemd Socket and Service Files for Gunicorn
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25. Create a systemd socket file for Gunicorn:
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```bash
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sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/gunicorn.socket
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```
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26. Create and open a systemd service file for Gunicorn:
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```bash
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sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/gunicorn.service
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```
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27. Configure the service file with appropriate details.
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### Checking for the Gunicorn Socket File
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28. Check the status of the Gunicorn socket:
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```bash
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sudo systemctl status gunicorn.socket
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```
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29. Check for the existence of the Gunicorn socket file:
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```bash
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file /run/gunicorn.sock
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```
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30. Check Gunicorn socket logs:
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```bash
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sudo journalctl -u gunicorn.socket
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```
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### Testing Socket Activation
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31. Test the socket activation mechanism:
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```bash
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sudo systemctl status gunicorn
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```
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32. Send a connection to the socket through curl:
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```bash
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curl --unix-socket /run/gunicorn.sock localhost
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```
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### Configuring Nginx to Proxy Pass to Gunicorn
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33. Create and open a new server block in Nginx's sites-available directory:
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```bash
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sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/myproject
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```
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34. Configure the server block with appropriate settings.
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35. Enable the server block:
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```bash
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sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/myproject /etc/nginx/sites-enabled
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```
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36. Test Nginx configuration for syntax errors:
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```bash
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sudo nginx -t
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```
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37. Restart Nginx:
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```bash
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sudo systemctl restart nginx
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```
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38. Open firewall to normal traffic on port 80:
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```bash
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sudo ufw delete allow 8000
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sudo ufw allow 'Nginx Full'
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```
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### Conclusion
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You should now be able to access your Django application via your server's domain or IP address.
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113
Web Development & Frameworks/nginx/dotnet.md
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113
Web Development & Frameworks/nginx/dotnet.md
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# Deploying .NET on Linux
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This tutorial has been tested only on .NET 7 and Ubuntu 22.04.
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## Getting the Output
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First, let's install .NET:
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```bash
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sudo apt install dotnet-sdk-7.0
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```
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*Note: You can create a .NET project using `dotnet new mvc` command.*
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Then, we need to publish our project:
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```bash
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dotnet publish
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```
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The location of the output file will be displayed after the command finishes. Typically, the project output will be placed in:
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**bin/Debug/net7.0/publish**
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## Installing Nginx
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**Nginx** is a high-performance web server with low resource usage, distributed under the terms of the BSD license. It runs on Unix-like operating systems and is widely used, currently powering 12.07% of the internet's domains.
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To install **Nginx** via `apt`, use the following command:
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```bash
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sudo apt install nginx
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```
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Then, disable the firewall with:
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```bash
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sudo ufw disable
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```
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If you encounter an error with this command, it means you don't have a firewall. In that case, skip this part.
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If the installation is successful, you should see "Welcome to Nginx" when typing `localhost` in your browser.
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## Configuring Nginx
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Create a directory for your site:
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```bash
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sudo mkdir /var/www/app1
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```
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Copy the contents of the `publish` directory to the newly created directory:
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```bash
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sudo cp yourprojectFolder/bin/Debug/net7.0/publish /var/www/app1
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```
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Then, navigate to the Nginx configuration:
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```bash
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sudo vim /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
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```
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Replace the contents of the file with the following:
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```nginx
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server {
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listen 80;
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server_name example.com *.example.com;
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location / {
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proxy_pass http://localhost:5000;
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proxy_http_version 1.1;
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proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
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proxy_set_header Connection keep-alive;
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proxy_set_header Host $host;
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proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
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}
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}
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```
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*Note: Replace `example.com` with your site address.*
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Check the configuration file syntax:
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```bash
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sudo nginx -t
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```
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If no errors are reported, reload Nginx to apply the changes:
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```bash
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sudo nginx -s reload
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```
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## Adding the Site as a Service
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Create a service file for your site:
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```bash
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sudo vim /etc/systemd/system/app1.service
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```
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Copy the following code into the file:
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```plaintext
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[Unit]
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Description=dotnet webapp
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[Service]
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WorkingDirectory=/var/www/app1
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ExecStart=/usr/bin/dotnet /var/www/app/projectname.dll
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Restart=always
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RestartSec=10
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SyslogIdentifier=projectname
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Environment=ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT=Production
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[Install]
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WantedBy=multi-user.target
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```
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*Note: Replace `projectname` with your project's name.*
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Enable and start the site, and check its status:
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```bash
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sudo systemctl enable app1.service
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sudo systemctl start app1.service
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sudo systemctl status app1.service
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```
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