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## Docker Cheat Sheet
# Docker Commands and Concepts
### Docker Data Directory
- **State Less:** Don't save your data like Nginx.
- **State Full:** Save your data.
- `/var/lib/docker/` ==> Docker data directory
## Docker Concepts
### Docker Commands
- **Stateless**: Do not save your data (like Nginx).
- **Stateful**: Save your data.
#### Login to Docker Hub
```bash
docker login
```
## Docker Data Directory
#### Pull Docker Image
```bash
docker pull <repo-addr>
```
- `/var/lib/docker/`: Docker data directory.
- `/var/lib/docker/containers/`: Container configuration and file directory.
- `/var/lib/docker/volumes`: Directory where docker volumes are saved.
#### Show Pulled Images
```bash
docker images
```
## Docker CLI Commands
#### Run Docker Container
```bash
docker run <options> <image>
```
- **Options**:
- `-it`: Run interactively and allocate a pseudo-TTY.
- `-dit`: Run in detached mode with interactive TTY.
### Authentication
#### Go to Container Shell
```bash
docker exec -it <container name> bash
```
- `docker login`: Login to Docker Hub with CLI.
#### Remove Docker Container
```bash
docker rm <container name or ID>
```
### Image Management
#### Stop Docker Container
```bash
docker stop <container name or ID>
```
- `docker pull <repo-addr>`: Pull a Docker image.
- `docker images`: Show pulled images.
- `docker rmi -f <image-id>`: Remove an image.
- `docker save -o <file-location-and-name> <image-name>`: Save image as an external file.
- `docker load -i <file-location>`: Import a Docker image.
#### Stop and Remove Docker Container
```bash
docker rm -f <container name or ID>
```
### Container Management
#### List Docker Containers
```bash
docker ps -aq
```
- `docker run <options> <img-name>`: Run a Docker container.
- `docker run`: Run Docker (after run exited).
- `docker run -it`: Run and give bash to me.
- `docker run -dit`: Run and give bash to me and run in the background.
- `docker exec -it <container-name>`: Go to container shell.
- `docker rm <container-name>`: Remove Docker container.
- `docker stop <container-name>`: Stop Docker container.
- `docker rm -f <container-name>`: Stop and remove Docker container.
- `docker ps -aq`: Give all Docker container IDs.
- `docker ps -aq -f status=exited`: Give all Docker container IDs with exited status.
- `docker container prune`: Remove all stopped containers.
- `docker commit <container-name> <new-name>`: Make a custom Docker image.
- `docker inspect <container-name>`: Get all data about container information.
- `docker inspect --format '{{ .NetworkSettings.IPAddress }}' <container-name>`: Get IP of the container.
- `docker cp <file_on_local> <container-name>:/<location>`: Copy from local to container.
- `docker cp <container-name>:/<location> <local-location>`: Copy from container to local.
- `docker stats`: Monitor Docker stats.
- `docker run -dit --name server --restart=always ubuntu`: Run container again after restarting the service or main server.
- `docker build -t <appname>:<appver> <location-of-docker-file>`: Build Docker image from a Dockerfile.
#### List Exited Docker Containers
```bash
docker ps -aq -f status=exited
```
### Volume Management
#### Remove Exited Docker Containers
```bash
docker rm $(docker ps -aq -f status=exited)
```
- `docker volume ls`: List all volumes.
- `docker volume create <name-of-volume>`: Create a volume for Docker.
- `docker volume inspect <vol-name>`: Give information about the volume.
- `docker run -dit --name <container-name> -v <volume-name>:<location-in-container> <img-name>`: Run Docker image and save target location data in volume.
#### Remove All Stopped Containers
```bash
docker container prune
```
### Network Management
#### Container Configuration and Files
- `/var/lib/docker/containers/` ==> Container config and file directory
#### Get Container Information
```bash
docker inspect <container name or ID>
```
#### Get Container IP Address
```bash
docker inspect --format '{{ .NetworkSettings.IPAddress }}' <container name>
```
#### Copy Files Between Local and Container
```bash
docker cp <file_on_local> <container-name>:/<location>
docker cp <container-name>:/<location> <local_location>
```
#### Monitor Docker Container Statistics
```bash
docker stats
```
#### Run Container with Restart Policy
```bash
docker run -dit --name server --restart=always ubuntu
```
#### Create Custom Docker Image
```bash
docker commit <containername> <newname>
```
#### Save Docker Image to External File
```bash
docker save -o <file-location-and-name> <image-name>
```
#### Remove Docker Image
```bash
docker rmi -f <image-id>
```
#### Load Docker Image from File
```bash
docker load -i <file-location>
```
- `docker network ls`: List all Docker networks.
- `docker network create <network-name>`: Create a Docker network.
- `docker network create --subnet <ip>/<subnet> --gateway <gateway-ip> --driver=<network-type> <net-name>`: Create network with custom settings.
- `docker run -dit --name <container-name> --network <network-name> <img-name>`: Run a container and connect it to a custom network.
- `docker network connect <network-name> <container-name>`: Connect a container to a custom network.
- `docker network disconnect <network-name> <container-name>`: Disconnect a network from a container.